Engineered Stone Silicosis: What You Need to Know (2024)

Cough; chest constriction; burning when breathing. At first, these symptoms might appear to be the beginnings of a bad virus, but when those symptoms don’t improve and a doctor visit is scheduled, some receive a terrible diagnosis — engineered stone silicosis.

Silicosis is a devastating occupational lung disease that is caused by prolonged inhalation of crystalline silica dust. It is an incurable condition that progressively damages the lungs and is generally linked to those who work in manufacturing industries. In recent years, a concerning trend has emerged: a rising number of silicosis cases linked to engineered stone.

So, what do you need to know about engineered stone silicosis? Let’s explore its causes and risks.

What Is Silicosis?

Silicosis is a lung disease that occurs when microscopic particles of crystalline silica are inhaled over prolonged periods of time, causing scarring in the lungs. This scarring reduces the lungs’ ability to properly function and leads to symptoms like coughing, shortness of breath, fatigue, and — in severe cases — total respiratory failure.

The Three Types of Silicosis

Silicosis can present in three forms:

1. Chronic silicosis — develops over the course of 10 to 30 years of low to moderate exposure to silica dust.
2. Accelerated silicosis — occurs within five to 10 years of high exposure levels.
3. Acute silicosis — develops within weeks to five years of very high exposure. This form progresses rapidly and can be fatal.

Long-Term Health Effects of Silicosis

Silicosis is irreversible and can worsen even after exposure stops. It can even increase the risk of other health conditions, like tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer.

The Role of Engineered Stone in Silicosis

Engineered stone, often used in the manufacturing of countertops, vanities, and similar surfaces, is a composite material made primarily of quartz, which is crushed bonded with resins and pigments. It offers long durability and aesthetic appeal; however, the high quartz content — often exceeding 90% — makes engineered stone a significant risk factor for silicosis.

How Engineered Stone Contributes to Silica Dust Exposure

The process of cutting, grinding, drilling, and polishing engineered stone generates fine silica dust. Without proper ventilation, equipment, and protective gear, workers inhale these particles and expose themselves to harmful levels of silica.

Industries at Risk

The industries most affected by engineered stone silicosis include:

• Countertop fabrication and installation: Workers who shape and polish engineered stone are at the highest risk.
• Construction: Activities like demolition and tile installation can expose workers to silica dust.
• Mining and quarrying: Although more traditional, these sectors also involve high silica exposure.
• Manufacturing: Particularly in plants that produce engineered stone products.

Why Engineered Stone Is a Growing Concern

Engineered stone’s popularity has surged due to its affordability, durability, and appearance — making it a high-demand material. However, this increase in use has coincided with a rise in silicosis diagnoses, particularly among younger workers, some of whom have developed severe forms of the disease within only a few years of exposure.

The early signs and symptoms of silicosis include persistent cough, shortness of breath during physical activity, fatigue, and chest pain. As the disease progresses, symptoms worsen, eventually limiting the ability to perform everyday activities.

Diagnosis of silicosis typically involves taking a medical history to identify occupational exposure to silica dust, chest X-rays or CT scans that show lung scarring or nodules, lung function tests to measure how well the lungs work, and a biopsy or bronchoscopy for analysis.

Early diagnosis is crucial for managing symptoms and preventing further damage.

Prevention and Safety Measures

Employers and workers can take several measures to minimize silica exposure:

• Use wet cutting techniques — water reduces the amount of dust generated.
• Implement proper ventilation — install dust collection systems to remove airborne particles.
• Wear respiratory protection — masks and respirators designed for silica dust are essential.
• Regular monitoring — conduct air quality tests to ensure safe levels of silica.
• Change clothes — to prevent contaminating non-work spaces, change clothes before leaving the site (and if possible, shower before changing).

Regulations and Advocacy

Many countries, including the United States, have set occupational exposure limits for crystalline silica. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), for example, issued updated silica standards that require stricter controls and monitoring. However, enforcement remains uneven, and advocacy for tighter regulations continues.

What Workers and Families Can Do

• Document your exposure — keep records of your work history and any tasks involving silica.
• Seek early medical attention — if you notice symptoms, consult a healthcare professional who is experienced in the care and diagnosis of occupational illnesses.
• Know your rights — understand workplace safety regulations and your entitlement to protective equipment and conditions.

Living With Silicosis: Coping With Physical and Emotional Challenges

• Silicosis affects more than just the lungs — it impacts every aspect of life. The disease can lead to emotional distress, financial strain, and even a sense of isolation.
• Joining a support group — or connecting with others who share similar experiences — can provide emotional relief.

Financial and legal assistance. In many cases, workers with silicosis may qualify for compensation or benefits. Consulting an attorney can help victims navigate through the legal system.

FAQs

Q: Does Wearing a Regular Dust Mask Protect Me From Silica Dust?

A: No. Standard dust masks do not offer adequate protection against silica dust. Only respirators that are specifically designed to filter silica particles — for example, an N95 or higher — can provide sufficient safety against these hazardous particles. If your employer refuses to provide you with these higher-grade masks, go and purchase some for yourself, then file a complaint with OSHA.

Q: Can Silicosis Develop Even if I Don’t Work Directly With Engineered Stone?

A: Yes. If ventilation is bad at the site, any workers in the workspace can inadvertently inhale dust. Silica dust particles can also adhere to skin and clothing. Proper hygiene practices, like changing clothes before leaving work, can help prevent this. As an added layer of precaution, if there are no showering facilities at your work site, the clothes you change into should be immediately removed upon returning home before hopping into the shower.

Q: Can Engineered Stone Products in Homes Cause Silicosis?

A: Finished products pose no significant risk to homeowners. The danger lies in manufacturing and fabrication, where silica dust is released. To mitigate any concerns, ensure that countertops are cut outside the home and not in the kitchen. If you are still worried, provide your family with N95 masks until your renovations are completed.

Q: What Should I Do if I Suspect That My Workplace Isn’t Following Safety Regulations?

A: If you suspect that your employer isn’t following safety regulations, report the unsafe conditions to your employer or a safety representative. If the issue persists, or if you don’t feel comfortable reporting these issues to your employer or safety representative, contact OSHA or a similar authority to ensure compliance with silica safety standards.

Seek Help from a Silicosis Law Firm

Engineered stone silicosis is a serious public health issue that demands attention, action, and awareness. By understanding the risks, you can protect yourself, other workers, and their families from the devastating effects of this preventable disease.

If you or someone you know is affected by silicosis, the office of Wallace & Graham, P.A., is ready to fight for the justice you deserve. With decades of experience and millions of dollars won in damages, we are uniquely poised to take on your employer with the urgency and care you so desperately need.

Contact us today to schedule a consultation.